Sunday, August 8, 2010

Cancer Research

Definition: Cancer (medical term: malignant neoplasm) is a class of diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled growth (division beyond the normal limits), invasion (intrusion on and destruction of adjacent tissues), and sometimes metastasis (spread to other locations in the body via lymph or blood). Cancer research: These three malignant properties of cancers differentiate them from benign tumors, which are self-limited, and do not invade or metastasize. Most cancers form a tumor but some, like leukemia, do not. The branch of medicine concerned with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer is oncology.

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Popular Cancers	Definition	Leading Research
Bladder Cancer	Forms in organ that stores urine.	Kidney/Bladder Cancer Report
Breast Cancer	Forms in tissues of the breast, in ducts and glands.	Breast Cancer Progress Report
Colon & Rectal Cancer	Forms in the tissues of the colon and rectum.	Colorectal Cancer Progress
Endometrial Cancer	Forms in the tissue lining the uterus.	Endometrial Cancer Progress
Kidney Cancer	Forms in tissues of the kidneys. Includes Wilms tumor.	Kidney/Bladder Cancer Report
Leukemia	Starts in blood-forming tissue such as bone marrow.	Leukemia, Lymphoma and Myeloma Progress Report
Lung Cancer	Forms in tissues of the lung, usually in the cells lining air passages.	Lung Cancer Progress Review
Melanoma	Begins in cells that make the pigment melanin such as mole or other pigmented tissues such as eye or intestines.	Cancer Trends: Sun Protection Specialized Programs: Skin
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma	Refers to cancers of white blood cells. Marked by oversized lymph nodes, fever and weight loss. Also called NHL.	Leukemia, Lymphoma and Myeloma Progress Report Specialized Programs: Lymphoma
Pancreatic Cancer	Malignant cancer cells found in the tissues of the pancreas. Aka exocrine.	Pancreatic Cancer: An Agenda for Action NCI Funded Pancreatic Cancer Research Projects (2008)
Prostate Cancer	Forms in tissues of the prostate.	Prostate Cancer Progress Report (June 2004)
Skin Cancer (Nonmelanoma)	Forms in the tissue of the skin. Most skin cancers form in older people on parts of the body exposed to the sun or in people who have weakened immune systems.	Cancer Trends: Sun Protection
Thyroid Cancer	Forms in the thyroid, an organ at the base of the throat.	Ohio State University Research

For additional information about various cancers and the ongoing research to treat these cancers, visit National Cancer Institute at www.cancer.gov .